8-OHDG IS A COMMONLY MEASURED MARKER OF CELLULAR DAMAGE. 8-OHDG LEVELS INCREASE WITH AGE AS A RESULT OF EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS & RADIATION INCLUDING  UV RAYS & SMOKING. ELEVATED 8-OHDG LEVELS LEAD TO MUTATIONS IN HUMAN DNA AND IS A CONTRIBUTOR TO CELLULAR DAMAGE & CANCERS.

HIGH LEVELS OF INFLAMMATION ARE DETECTED IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS AND PREDICT THE RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, FRAILTY, MULTI-MORBIDITY, DECLINE OF PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION.  TMAO IS A GENERATED FROM THE CONSUMPTION OF ANIMAL PRODUCTS. THERE IS AN INCREASE IN INFLAMMATION AS TMAO LEVELS INCREASE. DIET, GENETICS AND BLOOD TYPES AREIMPORTANT FACTOR AFFECTING TMAO LEVELS AND THE PROGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS. MODIFYING LIFESTYLES CAN REDUCE TMAO LEVELS IN 4 WEEKS AND REDUCE THE RISK OF HARDENING ARTERIES, OF HEART PROBLEMS AND STROKES.

WITH AGE THERE IS AN INCREASED RISK OF LEAKY GUT WHICH IS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE-RELATED DECLINES IN COGNITION AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION. LEAKY GUT CAUSES AN INCREASE IN LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION, THIS LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION IS A MAJOR RISK FACTOR FOR COGNITIVE DECLINE AND ALZHEIMER’S PATHOLOGY IN OLDER ADULTS. SUPPRESSING INFLAMMATION AND LEAKY GUT COULD IMPROVE COGNITION IN AN AGEING BRAIN.

LYSOZYME IS A COMPONENT OF EARLY IMMUNITY DEFENCE AND IS LARGELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF THE MUCOSAL BARRIER INTEGRITY. INCREASED LYSOZYME VALUES ARE FOUND IN CASE OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY GASTROINTESTINAL CONDITIONS FOLLOWING LEAKY GUT. 

BUILD UP OF CHOLESTEROL IN THE ARTERIES CAN SET OFF AN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE. INFLAMMATION FURTHER PROMOTES GROWTH OF PLAQUES, LOOSENS PLAQUE IN THE ARTERIES AND TRIGGER BLOOD CLOTS, THE PRIMARY CAUSE OF HEART ATTACKS AND STROKES. WITHG AGE MORE LIPIDS ARE DAMAGED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS RAISING THE RISK OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS. IMMUNE CELLS  BREAK DOWN LIPIDS BY RELEASING LYSOZYMES. LYSOZYME PRODUCTION IS REDUCED WITH AGE  .

LOW  DEFENSIN LEVELS INDICATE WEAKER IMMUNITY. DEFENSIN IS A NATURAL MUCOSA ANTIBIOTIC WITH ANTI-MICROBIAL EFFECT, IT IS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF THE FIRST DEFENCE LINE AGAINST PATHOGENS. STRESS & AGEING CAN DECREASE DEFENSIN LEVELS.

IGA ANTIBODIES ARE ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MARKERS OF RESPIRATORY AND INTESTINAL PROTECTION. HIGH LEVELS OF IGA ANTIBODIES ARE A PROTECTIVE INTERVENTION BY THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENCE DURING INTESTINAL DAMAGE SUCH AS LEAKY GUT, FOOD INTOLERANCE AND ELEVATED MICROBIAL TOXINS. WHILE LOW LEVELS OF INTESTINAL IGA ANTIBODIES ARE A SIGN OF STRESS & WEAK IMMUNITY. LOW LEVELS OF IGA ARE PREVALENT IN HIGH PRESSURE JOBS & DEPRESSION..